How 500 High-Performing Auto Repair Shops Reacted to COVID-19

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Read time: 3 min

Remember spring and summer of 2020? A lot of us are probably trying to forget and move forward, and we feel you. It was a scary time period for everyone, including the automotive repair industry.

Last April, auto shop owners were wondering, are my customers going to come into the shop? If people stay inside, are they going to drive less? If they drive less, are they still going to come into the shop as frequently? What if other industries are affected, and people have less money for repairs?

We were nervous like everyone else. But anyone who knows Tekmetric knows that we’re committed to driving the auto repair industry forward; we wanted to answer these questions and put Auto Repair Professionals’ minds at ease.

We also wanted to enable shops to not only endure the pandemic but also grow and come out stronger than ever before.

Strength in Numbers

If there’s one thing that makes us feel confident, empowered, and like we know what’s going on, it’s numbers. (Tracking shop performance and providing insights is kind of our thing).

We’ve seen the power of metrics in shops across America, and we know that customers, service advisors, technicians, and the entire auto repair industry benefit when auto shop owners can make informed decisions.

So we launched the TM-500 Index. The TM-500 tracks the Average Repair Order and Car Count of five hundred auto repair shops located across the United States. But data don’t mean squat if it ain’t easy to read. The TM-500 let’s users sort data by time and region so they can quickly explore trends.

Want to know the ARO and Car Count between the months of June and November of 2020? Simply set the time period “by month,” and the TM-500 will generate an easy-to-read graph.

Want to know if shops in midwest states had a higher or lower Car Count than southwest states last summer? Simply set the time period you want to observe, and hover over different regions on a map of the United States to learn how they performed.

Just as the Tekmetric system for auto repair shop management gives shop owners better insights into their shops, the TM-500 gives Auto Repair Professionals better insights into their industry.

But knowing is only half the battle.

A Catalyst for Digital Transformation

The auto repair industry has lagged behind almost every other service industry in how we utilize technology. Almost anyone with a smartphone can order a pizza, sushi, enchiladas, or any other food they want and track it while it’s being delivered to their door.

Meanwhile, someone paying hundreds or even thousands of dollars for a new transmission still has to go in-person and deal with a half-legible piece of paper that feels greasier than the pizza and enchiladas put together!

But we get it. People are sometimes reluctant to change. For many auto shop owners, however, the COVID-19 pandemic was the “now or never” moment to fully digitize their shops.

In 2020, Tekmetric prioritized the rollout of several features we had been working on to help shops provide their customers with the experience they’ve come to expect in almost every other part of their lives. In April of 2020, we rolled out Text-to-Pay, allowing shops to invoice and collect payment via text message.

In November of 2020, we rolled out True Two-Way Texting to make it easy for service advisors and customers to communicate throughout the entire repair process.

Combined, these two features enabled Tekmetric users to provide a completely touchless experience to their customers without sacrificing the quality of their work or customer service.

Much like in other industries, customers who bring their cars in for repairs appreciate the extra service and transparency of a more enhanced, digitally assisted customer experience.

As we watched many shops grow by using Tekmessage and Tekmerchant, we kept an eye on the overall performance of the TM-500. We were able to see when shops began to bounce back in summer after an early slump, and developed other understandings about where the industry was headed.

Over time, we have added new metrics to the TM-500 such as state-by-state Labor Margin, Parts Margin, Effective Labor Rate, and Car Count to gain a more complete picture of these high-performing shops.

What Have We Learned Since the Onset of the Pandemic?

When making conclusions about where the industry is going, we like to be informed by both quantitative and qualitative data.

The numbers give us a factual look at what’s gone up or down, and talking to people in the industry helps us make correlations between how certain behaviors, processes, and principles affect these trends.

Between the data we gathered from the TM-500 and the feedback we were able to gather from talking to auto shop owners, here’s what we have learned.

Repair shops are selling larger repair orders.

Based on the TM-500 data, shops are closing larger tickets. There are two possible reasons why shops have been able to sell more work:

  1. People are driving less, so when they do visit the auto repair shop, they try to take care of all the necessary repair work at once.
  2. Tekmetric features such as Tekmerchant, Tekmessage, our built-in digital vehicle inspection, and estimates that let customers approve and decline work have all enabled these shops to sell more work.

Both factors are probably at play. Considering that the TM-500 pulls data from Tekmetric shops, and we saw a bump in ARO when Tekmessage and Tekmerchant were released, it’s safe to assume that these features had an impact on ARO.

At the same time, Car Count seemed to be less than it was in previous years indicating that drivers were coming into shops less often. Any shops that were able to provide a more transparent experience seemed to yield more approved work.

Fully digitized shops are the future.

You might think that all shops took a bit of a hit due to COVID-19 because it was something that affected all of us, yet some shops actually did better during the pandemic. Shops such as S&S Auto Repair  were able to expand their businesses, improve key performance metrics, and even add new locations.

When asked why they thought they were able to grow during the pandemic, both shop owners attributed their success to a few key factors.

Early on during the pandemic, these shops made a concerted effort to adapt and implement new processes that would allow them to still function under COVID conditions.

They also focused heavily on community outreach, providing discounted or free service to essential workers, which gave them positive publicity. At the same time, older shops that weren’t ready to adapt were selling their businesses and even laying off workers.

Suddenly, there were rock star technicians and service advisors ready to hire, and these thriving shops hired them.

Because S&S and Speed Auto Repair already had a scalable cloud-based system in place, they could easily onboard new team members and greatly reduce transition time. By the end of the summer of 2020, both of these shops were able to capitalize on the new influx of customers willing to pay for more repair work.

What Lasting Changes has the Pandemic left on the Auto Repair Industry?

While we don’t know what the future holds, we can look at this present moment and draw some conclusions. Restrictions in the United States and Canada have been greatly reduced. People are now going out to restaurants and travelling again.

But there are some things that seem like they’re here to stay.

Remote Work

For one, many workers and employers have realized that they can be productive working from home.

There may be more road trips, but generally, people will have less wear-and-tear on their cars if they’re not commuting to work everyday.

More people working from home could also indicate that drivers will come into the shop less often but may be willing to approve more repairs, making it all the more important for shops to have systems in place that enable them to sell more.

Digital Customer Experiences

Digital customer experiences were already becoming popular before the pandemic, but after a year of living on Uber Eats and Amazon, it’s safe to say that consumers are going to expect more streamlined service experiences that leverage digital communications.

Consumers want to make decisions with their phones so they can spend more time in their living room and less time in a waiting room. Shops that adjust will be more likely to thrive. Shops that maintain outdated methods will fall behind.

Furthermore, while many people are eager to get back outside and spend time with others, the pandemic has made people a lot more aware of their personal space and how easily viruses and infections can spread.

A More Careful Approach

Many people are likely to be more careful about going into public spaces, especially if they’re older, immunocompromised, or live and work with people who have weakened immune systems.

Others may prefer to take measures such as contactless service and wearing a mask simply because of the health and mental security it provides them.

Many people either got sick or knew someone who became sick during the pandemic, and these experiences are likely to stick with them for a while and affect their behavior and decisions when it comes to shopping in public.

Auto repair shops that continue to offer contactless service will be at an advantage when it comes to competing for all business, whether it’s because of safety or because your customers are too busy to stay in the shop as their vehicle gets repaired.

FAQ

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In today's fast-paced digital world, connecting with your customers isn't just about turning wrenches; it's about building relationships. For the automotive industry, email marketing can be a powerful marketing tool.

A well-executed email marketing strategy can transform your auto repair business, driving new customers through your doors and fostering customer loyalty among your existing clients.

What is Email Marketing?

At its core, email marketing is a form of digital communication that enables businesses to send messages directly to a group of people via email. Think of it as a personalized billboard delivered straight to your customer's inbox.

Unlike broad social media blasts or impersonal direct mail, email marketing offers a unique opportunity to tailor your message to specific segments of your email list, making your communications more relevant and impactful. It's a key component of any effective automotive repair marketing plan.

Why Auto Repair Shops Should Use Email Marketing

Many auto shop owners might wonder if email marketing is truly worth the effort. The answer is a resounding "yes!" In an industry built on trust and relationships, email marketing serves as an invaluable tool for nurturing customer relationships. Here are some of the top benefits of email marketing:

1. Cost-effective

Email marketing is very cost-effective. Compared to traditional advertising methods, the return on investment (ROI) for email marketing is often significantly higher. You're reaching a targeted audience that has already shown some interest in your services, whether by providing their email address at your shop or through an online signup.

2. Top of mind

Email marketing will keep your auto repair shop top of mind. Your customers have busy lives, and car maintenance often slips their minds until a problem arises. Regular, helpful emails ensure that when they do need service, your shop is the first one they think of. This is crucial for customer retention.

3. Customer Retention

By staying in touch, you remind existing customers about upcoming service needs and show appreciation for their business. This proactive approach significantly boosts customer retention and encourages repeat visits.

4. Measurable Results

Unlike some traditional marketing, email marketing provides detailed analytics. You can track open rates, click-through rates, and ultimately, how many appointments were booked as a result of your email marketing campaigns. This allows shop owners to refine their marketing strategy for maximum effectiveness.

5. Direct communication

Finally, email marketing provides a direct line of communication. You can share important updates, special offers, maintenance tips, and build a sense of community with your customer base. This personal touch is something that a general advertisement simply cannot replicate.

Seven email marketing campaign ideas for auto repair shops.

Email Marketing Campaign Ideas

To maximize your marketing efforts, it's essential to diversify the types of emails you send. Here are some of the most effective email marketing campaigns for automotive repair shops:

Welcome Emails

When a new customer provides their email address, send a warm welcome email. This is your chance to introduce your shop, highlight your unique selling propositions, and perhaps offer a small discount on their first service. This initial contact sets the tone for future customer relationships.

Welcome email template

Auto repair shop welcome email template example.

Service Reminders

These are arguably the most crucial emails for an auto repair shop. Based on a customer's service history (which can be managed efficiently through a good CRM system), send automated service reminders for scheduled maintenance like an oil change, tire rotations, or brake inspections. Make it easy for them to book an appointment with a clear call to action.

Service reminder email template

Automotive service reminder example email.

Promotional Emails/Special Offers

Announce discounts, seasonal promotions (e.g., winter tire specials, summer AC checks), or bundled services. Use compelling subject lines to grab attention and always include a strong call to action (or CTAs).

Promotional email template

Promotional email template for mechanic shops.

Maintenance Tips and Educational Content

Share valuable information like "5 Ways to Extend the Life of Your Tires," "Understanding Your Dashboard Warning Lights," or "Why Regular Oil Change is Crucial." This positions your shop as an expert and provides genuine value to your customer base.

Maintenance tip email template

Maintenance tip email template example.

Customer Feedback/Review Requests

After a service, send a follow-up email requesting feedback or a review. Positive testimonials are incredibly powerful for attracting new business. Link directly to your Google My Business page or other review platforms.

Customer feedback email template

Customer feedback email template.

Birthday/Anniversary/Holiday Emails

A small, personalized gesture like a birthday greeting, perhaps with a minor discount, can significantly boost customer loyalty.

Birthday email template

Birthday email template for auto repair shop.

Abandoned Appointment Emails

If your shop offers online appointment scheduling and a customer starts but doesn't complete the booking process, an automated email reminding them to finish can recapture lost potential customers.

Abandoned appointment email template

Abandoned appointment email template.

Automotive Email Marketing Strategies

Now that we've covered the what and why, let's dive into the how. Implementing these best practices will ensure your email marketing strategy yields optimal results for your auto repair shop:

  • Segmentation is Key: Not all customers are the same. Segment your email list based on factors like vehicle make and model, last service date, service history, or demographics. This allows you to send highly targeted and relevant messages, improving open rates and conversion rates.
  • Craft Compelling Subject Lines: Your subject lines are the gatekeepers to your emails. Make them concise, intriguing, and benefit-oriented. Examples: "Time for Your Oil Change?", "Exclusive Discount Just For You!", "Protect Your Car This Winter."
  • Personalization Goes a Long Way: Always address customers by their first name. Reference their vehicle type or past service if possible. Automation can make this surprisingly easy, especially with a good CRM or shop management system.
  • Clear Call to Actions (CTAs): Every email should have a single, clear call to action. Whether it's "Schedule Your Appointment Now," "Claim Your Discount," or "Read Our Latest Blog," make it obvious what you want the recipient to do. Use prominent buttons or hyperlinked text.
  • Mobile Responsiveness is Non-Negotiable: A vast majority of people check their emails on their smartphones. Ensure your emails are designed to look great and function perfectly on all mobile devices. Test your templates before sending.
  • Automate Where Possible: Utilize automation tools to send welcome email sequences, service reminders, birthday greetings, and follow-up emails after a service. This saves time and ensures consistent communication without manual effort. Many CRM systems and email marketing platforms offer robust automation features.
  • Provide Value Beyond Promotions: While special offers are great, don't make every email a sales pitch. Offer genuine value through maintenance tips, car repair advice, and educational content. This builds trust and positions your auto repair shop as a helpful resource.
  • Optimize Send Times: Experiment with different days and times to see when your email list is most engaged. Tools within email marketing platforms can often provide insights into optimal send times based on your audience's behavior.
  • Integrate with Other Marketing Efforts: Your email marketing strategy shouldn't exist in a vacuum. Cross-promote your email list on your website, social media channels, and in your physical shop.
  • Monitor Performance: Regularly review your open rates, click-through rates, and conversion rates. A/B test different subject lines, CTAs, and content to continually improve your email marketing campaigns. This data-driven approach is crucial for success in the automotive industry.
  • Don’t overdue it: Nobody likes receiving 30 emails in one day, so make sure your email cadence is reasonable and not overwhelming to your audience. Always provide an “unsubscribe” option in your emails in case they no longer want to receive emails from you.

Final thoughts

In conclusion, for any auto repair shop looking to thrive in today's competitive landscape, a well-executed email marketing strategy is no longer optional – it's essential. By consistently delivering valuable content, timely reminders, and exclusive offers, you can build a highly engaged customer base, boost customer loyalty, and ensure your auto repair business remains successful for years to come.

Start building your email list today, embrace automation, and watch your marketing ideas turn into tangible results. Your customers and your bottom line will thank you.

Automotive Email Marketing: Effective Strategies for Your Shop

June 16, 2025

Read time: 3 min

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The automotive industry is one of the largest and most stable sectors in the U.S. economy, and becoming an automotive mechanic offers a rewarding, hands-on career path with plenty of opportunities for advancement.

Whether you're interested in working at local repair shops, car dealerships, or even starting your own garage, this guide will walk you through everything you need to know.

What do mechanics do?

Automotive technicians are responsible for diagnosing, maintaining, and repairing vehicles of all types—from compact cars to light trucks and SUVs. Their work involves inspecting brake systems, replacing worn parts, and performing routine services like oil changes. Many mechanics work in repair shops or at car dealerships, but others prefer to start their own repair shop.

Mechanics work with a variety of tools and diagnostic equipment. They often use computerized systems to identify issues and ensure the car is functioning properly. In today’s rapidly evolving automotive industry, mechanics are expected to stay current with new technologies, especially in hybrid and electric vehicles.

Below, you will find practical steps you can take today to start your path to becoming an auto mechanic.

6 Steps to becoming a car mechanic

Starting a new career path can be challenging, so we outlined 6 practical steps you can take to jump-start your career.

1. Do your homework

Before you start your career, it is wise to consider if this is the right job for you. Will it pay enough to support your needs? Will you be able to keep up with the physical demands of the job? These are just two of the questions you need to ask yourself before moving forward.

How Much Do Automotive Mechanics Make?

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the average salary for automotive service technicians and mechanics in 2024 was approximately $49,670 per year, or about $23.88 per hour. However, salaries can vary based on several factors such as:

  • Location: Mechanics in cities or states with a higher cost of living tend to earn more.
  • Certifications: Holding ASE certifications or specializations can boost income.
  • Experience: Entry-level technicians typically earn less than seasoned professionals.
  • Industry: Working at car dealerships or as a mobile mechanic can pay differently than working in a small auto repair shop.
6 steps to becoming a car mechanic.

2. Training and education

Pursuing the right education, certifications, and training programs will set you on the right path to a successful career. Each path has unique benefits but it is best to select the path that will help you achieve your career goals.

Do I need to go to school to become a mechanic?

While formal training is not always required, it is highly recommended. Employers in both independent repair shops and dealerships prefer candidates with a solid educational background and certifications. If you opt not to pursue formal education, you will need to find a personal connection or an apprenticeship program where you can learn while working.

How long will it take to become a mechanic?

The timeline to becoming an auto mechanic depends on the education path you choose. In total, it may take anywhere from 6 months to 4 years to become job-ready, depending on the path and certifications you pursue. Here are the most common routes:

  • High School Diploma or GED: Most mechanic jobs require at least a high school diploma or equivalent.
  • Vocational Schools or Trade Schools: These typically offer certificate programs lasting 6 months to 1 year, giving students a fast track into entry-level roles.
  • Community College or Associate Degree: Completing an associate degree in an automotive technology program usually takes about 2 years and provides a deeper understanding of vehicle systems.
  • Apprenticeships: These allow students to earn while they learn and may last 2 to 4 years.
  • On-the-Job Training: Some auto mechanics begin their careers with no formal education and learn through hands-on experience at a repair shop or dealership.

3. Complete certifications

The most respected credential in the field is the ASE certification, offered by the National Institute for Automotive Service Excellence. Mechanics can earn ASE certification in areas such as engine repair, brake systems, electrical systems, automatic transmission, and heating/air conditioning.

To become ASE certified, you’ll need at least two years of work experience or a combination of formal training and on-the-job training. You’ll also need to pass one or more certification exams. Mechanics who pass tests in all major areas and have the required work experience can earn the title of Master Technician.

Being ASE certified shows employers and customers that you're a professional who meets industry standards. Many employers pay higher wages to certified auto mechanics, and some dealerships require ASE credentials for certain positions.

4. Prepare for your interview

Finding the right shop to start your career at can be a daunting task. It is often easiest to start at an express shop so you can get your feet wet before pursuing your career goals. Once you have applied to a shop, it is time to start preparing for the interview.

Mechanic Job Interview Questions

Whether you're aiming for a position at a dealership or local garage, be prepared for a formal interview. Here are common questions you may encounter:

  • Tell me about yourself and your experience as an automotive technician.
  • Why do you want to work for our company/shop?
  • How do you stay up to date with new automotive technologies and repair techniques?
  • What certifications do you currently hold (ASE, manufacturer-specific, etc.)?
  • Are you comfortable working weekends, evenings, or overtime if needed?

When answering, emphasize your hands-on training, work experience, and your commitment to continuous improvement. Don’t forget to highlight soft skills like teamwork, communication, and adaptability.

5. Utilize modern tools

The modern repair shop has embraced new technology to help improve efficiencies and revenue. Strive to have a solid understanding of modern diagnostic tools, apps, and software so you can hit the ground running.  Another way to stand out to your future employer is to already have experience with their shop management system, so they don’t have to train you as much.

6. Get your hands dirty

Let the fun begin! Once you have landed your first job, learn to fail fast and ask questions as you meet more experienced technicians. Ask yourself each week if you are enjoying your job and if you think this is still the right career path for you. Don’t forget to make connections in the industry to boost your network and career path.

Final Thoughts

A career as an auto technician is more than just a job—it’s a skilled trade that keeps America moving. Whether you're working on a simple oil change or a complex engine repair, you'll be solving real-world problems and helping people stay safe on the road. With growing demand for mechanics who can service modern vehicles equipped with sophisticated electronic systems, the field is only becoming more essential.

How to Become a Car Mechanic (6 Step Guide)

May 28, 2025

Read time: 3 min

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Whether you're just getting started in the world of auto mechanics or you're a seasoned professional looking to sharpen your skills, having the right books in your toolkit can make a world of difference.

In this guide, we’ve rounded up the best 10 books for anyone looking to master automotive repair—five books for beginners and five for professionals. Whether you're diving into DIY oil changes, understanding electrical systems, or prepping for ASE certification, these books can help you become the car mechanic others rely on.

Top mechanic books for beginners.

Top 5 Mechanic Books for Beginners

1. Auto Repair For Dummies by Deanna Sclar

Deanna Sclar, a trusted name in car books, breaks down automotive repair in a clear, engaging way. Topics include basics like changing oil, identifying car parts, and performing simple diagnostics. Updated editions also include guidance on hybrid and electric vehicles.

This book is great for high school students, DIY car owners, and anyone who wants to enhance their car repair knowledge. It teaches vehicle maintenance fundamentals and gives you the confidence to handle everyday car repair tasks.

This book is available in paperback and audiobook format on Amazon and Goodreads.

2. How Cars Work by Tom Newton

“How Cars Work” is an illustrated mechanics book designed to make complex automotive technology digestible. It covers everything from internal combustion engines to carburetors using simple diagrams and descriptions.

Ideal for visual learners and those completely new to auto mechanics. This is a great first book for beginners, high school students, and anyone wanting a strong visual foundation. This book is available at Amazon, Goodreads, and Walmart.

3. Service Repair Manuals

Service repair manuals offer detailed, step-by-step instructions specific to various makes and models. Whether you're working on a Chevy or a lawn mower, there's likely a repair manual for it.

These manuals walk you through every procedure—from basic maintenance to full rebuilds—making them excellent for DIY mechanics. The manuals are great for car owners who want to perform their own maintenance and repairs, especially oil changes and part replacements.

4. Auto Repair and maintenance for Beginners by Dave Stribling

This is a more recent release that blends practical guidance with a conversational tone. It’s designed for car owners who want to understand what’s under the hood without going back to school.

It breaks down diagnostics, basic electrical systems, and essential car repair projects with clarity and confidence. DIYers, automotive technology students, and anyone just entering the field will benefit from this resource. This book is available on Amazon and Target.

5. ASE Study Material

While not a traditional repair resource, these ASE guides cover specific topics you may be interested in. In addition, these resources can also help you study for your ASE exams/certification. These study guides cover everything from refrigerant to engine diagnostics.

These resources are great for beginners looking to become ASE certified or just want to deepen their technical knowledge of car repair. You can find these ASE resources on the ASE website.

Top 5 Mechanic Books for Professionals

1. Automotive Technology: A Systems Approach by Jack Erjavec & Rob Thompson

Used in technical schools and ASE training programs, this comprehensive study guide covers every vehicle system in detail. From brakes to diagnostics and internal combustion engines, it’s a powerhouse of professional knowledge.

Excellent for instructors, professional auto mechanics, and shop technicians. It’s also used as a curriculum base in many accredited auto mechanic programs. This book can be found on Amazon and Goodreads.

2. Engine Repair (A1) – ASE Test Prep Study Guide by Delmar Cengage

If you’re serious about becoming ASE certified, this study guide is one of the best tools to prep with. It’s focused on the A1 Engine Repair certification exam and is updated with the latest questions and procedures.

It contains practice questions, answer keys, and step-by-step breakdowns of engine troubleshooting and repairs. Mechanics pursuing ASE certification and current techs looking to refresh their credentials will benefit from this book.

3. Bosch Automotive Handbook

This is not your average repair manual. The Bosch Automotive Handbook is a dense, technical reference filled with precise definitions, formulas, and design principles behind modern vehicle systems, including electrical systems and diagnostics.

A must-have for those working on diagnostics or developing automotive systems. Not ideal for beginners, but invaluable for seasoned pros. This book is available on Amazon.

4. Advanced Automotive Fault Diagnosis by Tom Denton

Tom Denton is a trusted author in the world of automotive technology. This book focuses on advanced diagnostics using real-world case studies and troubleshooting processes.

It covers OBD systems, scan tools, sensor data interpretation, and diagnostics strategies used in modern repair shops. ASE certified professionals, diagnostic techs, and repair shop leads will appreciate this book. This book is available at Walmart and Amazon.

5. Motorcycle Basics Techbook by Matthew Coombs (Haynes)

Auto mechanics often expand into motorcycles. This Haynes book explores motorcycle maintenance and repair with the same detail they bring to their car repair manuals.

Great for mechanics who want to branch into motorcycle repair or work at specialized repair shops. This book is available on Amazon and Thriftbooks.

Other Mechanic Resources

While books are still relevant, many mechanics have transitioned to other resources like YouTube videos and podcasts. Here are some of our favorites.

YouTube

YouTube is a gold mine for car repair veterans and DIYers alike. Some of our favorite channels include:

Reddit

Reddit can be another powerful resource for new techniques plus an online community to answer questions you may have. Some of the best subreddits include:

Podcasts

Podcasts can be entertaining and an easy way to learn while working or driving. Some of our favorites include:

Final Thoughts

Investing in a good book isn’t just about reading—it’s about building your skills, your confidence, and your future in the automotive industry. Whether you’re just learning how cars work or studying classical mechanics principles, there’s a resource here that can guide you. The best mechanics know that their education never stops.

10 Best Automotive Mechanic Books (2025 Guide)

April 23, 2025

Read time: 3 min

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